The Federal Reserve Bank of New York released its monthly manufacturing survey this week. The news was not good.
Survey results indicated that business activity flattened out for New York manufacturers with the headline general business conditions index falling five points to 0.6. The new orders index and the shipments index both fell as well, plummeting to levels not far from zero, signifying that orders and shipments were little changed. Labor market indicators pointed to a small decline in employment levels and hours worked. The prices paid index held steady at 18.7, suggesting that moderate input price increases were continuing, and the prices received index held near zero, indicating that selling prices remained steady. Firms were also less optimistic about future conditions compared to last month. Read the full report and the supplemental survey.
We’ve been hearing a lot about electric cars for a while now, but what about the automobile’s two-wheeled cousin? Believe it or not, electric motorcycles are definitely real and manufacturers–including big players like Harley-Davidson and Yamaha–are betting they can catch on, even with their biker clients who are known to place high value an tradition.
Electric motorcycles boast near-instant acceleration, a jet-turbine sound, and a vibration-free ride, but they also lack the long, loud, chrome-dipped exhaust pipes and rumbling engine that for many people defines the motorcycle. Electric motorcycles cost more, but need less maintenance. And of course, there are the environmental benefits of moving away from gas guzzling motors.
When Lakia, the animation studio behind such hits as The Boxtrolls, Paranorman, and the Oscar-nominated Coraline, began production on their latest feature, a samurai adventure called Kubo and the Two Strings, they turned to the 3D printing company Stratasys to help the streamline the exhaustive stop-motion animation process. Stratasys ultimately helped create the individual puppets that are posed and photographed to create the illusion of life in the finished product. They include the three-foot Moonbeast, the villain of the piece, which is made from 850 individual exterior pieces and 250 internal structural pieces. The star, Kubo, has a choice of 66,000 facial pieces that offer a bewildering 22 million possible expressions. Watching the trailer though, it’s hard to believe they aren’t real.
On this day in 1930 construction began on the Hoover Dam in Nevada. Over the next five years, a total of 21,000 men would work ceaselessly to produce what would be the largest dam of its time, as well as one of the largest man-made structures in the world. The idea of a dam in the area goes back to the early twentieth century, but it was the enthusiastic backing of the dam’s namesake, Herbert Hoover, as both the Secretary of Commerce and President that made the idea a reality. The dam would provide essential flood control, which would prevent damage to downstream farming communities that suffered each year when snow from the Rocky Mountains melted and joined the Colorado River. Further, the dam would allow the expansion of irrigated farming in the desert, and would provide a dependable supply of water for Los Angeles and other southern California communities. It would also generate much needed electricity for nearby communities. The contractors finished their work two years ahead of schedule and millions of dollars under budget. Today, the Hoover Dam is the second highest dam in the country and the 18th highest in the world. It generates enough energy each year to serve over a million people
National labor expert Dr. Paul Harrington of Drexel University categorized the regional economy as being consistent with reports of national economic trends, as long-term growth has slowed and likely entered a new paradigm. Harrington, the director of Drexel University’s Center of Labor Market and Policy, provided his thoughts on local economic trends and insight into the labor market from national, statewide and regional levels in his remarks yesterday to more than 175 business and government leaders at Hudson Valley Economic Development Corp.’s State of Entrepreneurism event at the State University of New York (SUNY) at New Paltz. In his keynote presentation, Harrington said the slower pace of economic growth is likely a permanent change. “Economic growth has been generally accepted as 3 percent, maybe 4 percent, annually. But, 1.5 percent is the new standard and it likely won’t change.” Read the full report.
The second and final qualification motor (QM-2) test for the Space Launch System’s booster is seen, Tuesday, June 28, 2016, at Orbital ATK Propulsion Systems test facilities in Promontory, Utah. During the Space Launch System flight the boosters will provide more than 75 percent of the thrust needed to escape the gravitational pull of the Earth, the first step on NASA’s Journey to Mars. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)
America’s space program doesn’t quite command the public’s attention the way it did 50 years ago, but there have been few better example’s of this country’s gift for scientific ingenuity. As we head into the July 4th weekend, now seems like a good time to check in on their latest development.
A booster for the most powerful rocket in the world, NASA’s Space Launch System (SLS), successfully fired up Tuesday for its second qualification ground test at Orbital ATK’s test facilities in Promontory, Utah. This was the last full-scale test for the booster before SLS’s first uncrewed test flight with NASA’s Orion spacecraft in late 2018, a key milestone on America’s Journey to Mars. “Today’s test is the pinnacle of years of hard work by the NASA team, Orbital ATK and commercial partners across the country,” said John Honeycutt, SLS Program manager at NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama. “SLS hardware is currently in production for every part of the rocket. NASA also is making progress every day on Orion and the ground systems to support a launch from Kennedy Space Center in Florida. We’re on track to launch SLS on its first flight test with Orion and pave the way for a human presence in deep space.”
The New York State Department of Labor last week released preliminary local area unemployment rates for May 2016. From May 2015 to May 2016, the State’s private sector job count increased by 74,900. In May 2016, the number of private sector jobs in the State was 7,889,000. In addition, the State’s seasonally adjusted unemployment rate decreased over the month, from 4.9% to 4.7% in May 2016. Rates are calculated as prescribed by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
The counties in New York State with the lowest unemployment rates in May 2016 include:
For the Supplemental Survey Report released this month by the Federal Reserve bank of New York respondents were asked about past and expected changes in both the prices firms pay for inputs and the prices they charge their customers. On average, Prices Paid For Inputs in both the manufacturing and service sectors rose 2% over the past 12 months while Selling Prices rose only 1% for manufacturers in the same time frame (it rose 2% for service sectors). Looking ahead, respondents do not expect any significant changes in the next 12 months. The median manufacturing respondent expected input prices to rise 2%, while the median service sector respondent anticipated a 2.5% increase. As far as selling prices go, the median expected increase was 2%, among both manufacturers and service sector firms. Read the full report.
The results of the latest quarterly survey from the National Association of Manufacturers (NAM) show continuing economic challenges as well as some encouraging signs for growth. 61.7% of manufacturers are either somewhat or very positive about their own company’s outlook, up from 56.6% in March. Activity levels remain well below ideal however, manufacturers anticipate sales to grow 1.6% over the next 12 months, up from 0.4% in March but down sharply from in December 2014 where they grew 4.5%. As with the past few surveys, the numbers are highly correlated with trade data. Firms that are more upbeat about exports are more positive in their company’s outlook. Overall, respondents expect exports to increase 0.2% over the next 12 months, improving from an expected decline of 0.6%. Full-time employment levels are expected to grow 0.2% over the next year.
The top challenges reported were an unfavorable business climate and rising health insurance costs, both cited by roughly three-quarters of respondents. 82.6% said that their company’s total spending on state and federal regulatory compliance had increased in the past few years.
It was business as usual for the state’s manufacturers, according to the Federal Reserve Bank of New York’s monthly Manufacturing Survey for June. The report found that general business activity expanded modestly, reflecting an industry that has been performing steadily if not spectacularly.
The headline general business conditions index climbed fifteen points to 6.0. The new orders index and the shipments index rose from negative values to 10.9 and 9.3, respectively, meaning that orders and shipments were increasing after last month’s decline. Inventories were lower this month than last, causing the inventories index to fall to -15.3. Meanwhile the employment index was zero, signaling that employment counts were unchanged. The prices paid index held steady at 18.4, suggesting that moderate input price increases were continuing, and the prices received index was near zero, indicating that selling prices were stable. Firms were more optimistic about the six-month outlook this month, and capital spending plans picked up.
GE uses virtual reality tours, like this one of a GE locomotive to try to recruit tech focused millenials. PHOTO: GENERAL ELECTRIC
American manufacturers are trying out a new plan to recruit new workers and relieve their much discussed labor shortage. In an effort to appeal to millennials thousands of companies, including industry giants like GE, are trying to rebrand manufacturing as a high-tech industry full of opportunity, the Wall Street Journal Reports. A second Silicon Valley as it were.
Manufacturers are recruiting both to attract skilled labor to a growing number of positions and to replenish a workforce from which baby boomers are retiring at a rapid pace. Some studies predict that by 2025 there will be two million unfilled manufacturing jobs. Manufacturing has always been tech-heavy but recent outreach efforts aim to showcase that side of the industry to a far greater extent by using everything from quick online videos to virtual reality tours.
The Wall Street Journal published a piece Tuesday suggesting 9 policies the US could adopt to encourage growth in the manufacturing sector. For a quick Thursday read I thought I’d list them all here and then you can pop over to the original article to learn more:
Make exports more valuable- Companies that export goods from the U.S. would accumulate certificates equal to the value of their exports. But companies that wanted to import goods would have to purchase certificates from exporters.
Impose a value-added tax- The tax, which is used by more than 130 countries, is applied to each step along a production chain as a product or material increases in value or is consumed. Almost all countries with VATs waive them on exports but impose them on imports-letting domestic manufacturers off the hook.
Deal with an overvalued currency- The U.S. dollar’s status as the world’s reserve currency is hurting demand for U.S.-made goods in global markets.
Look at the true cost of offshoring- When companies decide to offshore production, they often simply seek the lowest initial price per unit. If they were required to take into account the hidden costs of foreign production, US goods would ideally look more cost-competitive.
Purge duplicate regulations- When federal agencies impose new rules, they rarely repeal old ones or check to see if another agency has a similar or conflicting regulation.
Look at more than jobs- State and federal governments typically view manufacturing as employment generators. But economic development policies that place too much emphasis on boosting head counts risk missing the broader trend coursing through manufacturing even in low-cost locations: automation.
Turn community colleges into career factories- While community colleges offer programs for skilled trades, businesses executives complain the course work is often too generalized to suit companies’ needs.
Spend more on manufacturing R&D- The government needs to spend more on applied research to solve specific problems in manufacturing and bringing new products to market.
Create regional centers of expertise- These centers typically start with a group, a chamber of commerce for example, that assembles businesses, schools and government agencies into a network that can work together to attract new businesses.
Dylan Flores (from left), Austin Wagner and Collin Grudzinski pull metal cutouts off a CNC machine at Hustisford High School. The school has a student-run business, Husty Heavy Manufacturing, which performs machine shop work for area manufacturers. Credit: Sam Caravana via Milwaukee Journal Sentinel.
If there’s one albatross above all others hovering over America’s manufacturers, it’s the difficulty of finding a qualified workforce. While technological innovation has eliminated many of the jobs once done by low-skilled workers, manufacturers still struggle to fill high-skilled jobs as older workers retire and people entering the field often don’t have the skills or experience needed to run complex machines in a fast paced environment. In an effort to combat that some Wisconsin high schools have launched for-profit businesses that give students experience in areas such as product design and metal fabrication.
One such businesses is Husty Heavy Manufacturing, at Hustisford High School, which is gearing up to do work for area companies. The projects could be something simple like cutting, grinding and sanding metal parts for a manufacturer, or something more complicated like creating custom products using 3-D printers. The business takes metal-shop experiences to a higher level that includes areas such as budgeting, marketing, product design and real-world problem solving, as well as “soft skills” like communication with clients. The businesses at some schools have even generated enough revenue to pay students something for their efforts, participants with student-run Cardinal Manufacturing at Eleva-Strum High School have received upwards of $2,000 for their hard work. And that is the sort of thing that would get any high school student’s attention.
For the third straight month American factories expanded, according to a new report from the Institute for Supply Management. The institute said Wednesday (via the NY Times) that its manufacturing index rose to 51.3 last month, up from 50.8 in April. Anything above 50 signals growth. After being stuck below 50 from October through February, the index has rebounded a bit thanks to a weak dollar that makes American products cheaper in foreign markets. The index showed an increase in deliveries from suppliers while export orders and a measure om employment were essentially unchanged. Overall 12 of 18 manufacturing companies reported growth, with most of it coming manufacturers of wood products and textiles.
For obvious reasons, Manufacturing Day is always a big deal around here. A celebration of modern manufacturing that’s also meant to inspire the next generation of manufacturers is right up our alley.This year it falls on October 7, just over four months from now which means now is the time to start making plans. Something that’s always a guaranteed Manufacturing Day favorite is a tour of an active factory or plant. There’s no better way to make manufacturing come alive to students than to show them where it all happens. You can invite others to tour your facility too. This year Manufacturing Day organizers have suggested inviting local, regional, and national representatives who are running for office to help them understand the realities of the manufacturing industry and how they can best support it. They’ve even put together a special guide to hosting a tour specifically for elected officials. So don’t miss your chance and register today.
Last week we brought you up to date on the New York Federal Reserve’s latest manufacturing survey, now let’s dive into the Fed’s supplemental report on workers and employment. When asked how their ability to retain employees had changed over the past year roughly 25% of firms in the manufacturing sector reported that it had gotten harder while just 1% said it had gotten easier. The responses were more negatively skewed than in June 2015, the last time these questions were asked. When asked about raising wages by more than usual in order to retain existing workers 55% of manufacturers said they were doing that for “some” job categories, while 20% said they were doing that for “most” of them. Roughly a third of manufacturers reported plans to increase employment in the year ahead, and 13% said they planned to reduce it. Nearly 80% reported having at least some difficulty finding qualified job candidates.
The Federal Reserve Bank of New York released its monthly manufacturing survey this week. The report indicates that business activity declined for the state’s manufacturers. Following a brief foray into positive territory in March and April, the general business conditions index turned negative, falling nineteen points to -9.0, while the new orders and shipments indexes also fell below zero, to -5.5 and -1.9 respectively, pointing to a decline in both. Additionally, survey results indicated that inventory levels were lower and delivery times shorter. Employment levels remained fairly steady, with the index for number of employees roughly the same at 2.1, while the average workweek index declined ten points to -8.3, evidence that the average workweek was shorter this month. Read the full report.
We had a phenomenally successful Champions Breakfast on Friday. The support from our sponsors, our guests, or presenters, and of course, our Champions is what makes this all possible, so once again we want to thank all of you for your support. and for those of you who weren’t able to attend here’s a brief rundown of what you missed.
The private sector champion was Michael Ratliff, President of Poughkeepsie based Marco Manufacturing, Inc. When Atlantic Design Corporation closed their Poughkeepsie facility, where Mike Ratliff was General Manager, he decided to open his own manufacturing business (Marco Manufacturing). “20 years ago we all got laid off,” Ratliff recalled before introducing some of the employees who had been with him since Atlantic Design, “And we’re here now because we all stuck with it and made a plan.”
For public sector champion Dr. Cliff Wood, President of SUNY Rockland was selected by the Council’s Board of Directors. Dr. Wood has led efforts to meet the workforce development needs of Hudson Valley Manufacturers through the creation of the Manufacturing Center at the college’s Haverstraw campus and the expansion of its 3D Printing Center. The college has also begun, in partnership with the Council of Industry, a Certificate in Manufacturing Leadership. “This is all of our jobs,” Wood said, “To improve the economic development of this great state.”
Hudson Valley Pattern for Progress was the organization honored this year. Pattern has recently finished a project which mapped all the workforce and economic development resources in the region that support manufacturing. This “Asset Map” will become an integral part of a sector based regional economic and workforce development strategy. “I believe in lost causes” said Pattern CEO Jonathan Drapkin, “Pattern is there to create an environment in which other people can prosper.”
Last but not least, Mark Harris of Ulster BOCES was chosen to be the first ever educator champion. A teacher in metal trades, as well as the leader of the Solar Car project, the MIT robotic arm project, and the NASA prototype project. He has worked to build the Computer Numerical Control (CNC) classroom, and encouraged countless young people to pursue careers in machining. “My students have coming in on the weekend, they are dedicated students,” Harris said in accepting, “They are why I do what I do.” As part of the presentation Harris and his team of high school students, the Ulster BOCES Lemelson-MIT InvenTeam, demonstrated the robotic exoskeleton arm they designed and built under his tutelage. The device was touted as a tool to aid victims of stroke and paralysis with their physical therapy.
It’s almost here. We’ve been counting the days until our Manufacturing Champions Breakfast for over a month now, and now it’s only a day away. In that time we’ve introduced you to this year’s winners, given a brief history of the awards, and now for the final blog entry before this year’s awards are given out we thought we should explain a little bit about how our Champions are selected.
The process is actually very simple. It begins with the community, and paperwork. Early each year the Council sends out invitations to businesses, schools, and not-for-profits in the Hudson Valley asking them to submit for consideration any individual or organization they feel is deserving of he award. Once the paperwork is filed the nominees are then presented to the Council’s Board of Directors in a private meeting where they face the difficult task of whittling the long roster of potential recipients down to four Champions. There are so many deserving names that no one has ever been named a Champion twice. While the Board’s personal experience plays a role in determining the winners, a detailed and well articulated nomination form is the most important asset for a nominee.
On May 13th at The Powelton Club in Newburgh, the Council of Industry will present its annual Manufacturing Champions Awards. This will mark the 10th year the awards have been handed out since they began in 2006 (they took a year off in 2010 to make way for the Council’s centennial celebration). They’ve grown quite a bit from their humble beginnings.
The first award was never intended as an annual event. It was actually an attempt to recognize the NY State Senator Stephen Saland for his support of manufacturing after he had secured an annual member item for Dutchess Community College to provide training for manufacturing employees. Positive reception of the event persuaded the Council’s board of directors that there was untapped PR potential in an award specifically designed to spotlight the local manufacturing industry. Taylor Thompson in 2007 became the second champion, and the first from the private sector, he received his award for his work with Taylor Technologies. 2008 marked the first time the Council selected more than one champion, with Roger Smith representing the private sector for his work at Pawling Corp and Senator William Larkin honored for his service in the public sector. When the awards resumed in 2011 the Council introduced a third category meant to honor the work of an entire organization rather than a single individual. Central Hudson became the first such organization to receive the award. This year the Council will debut a fourth Manufacturing Champion category devoted solely to honoring educators who have inspired a passion for manufacturing and engineering in their schools. Mark Harris of Ulster BOCES will be the first recipient for his work as the lead mentor and Custom Robotics Design & Manufacturing Instructor, and leader of the Solar Car project, the MIT robotic arm project, and the NASA prototype project.
In addition to Harris, this year’s recipients also include Private Sector Champion Mike Ratliff, founder of Marco Manufacturing, for his dedication to keeping manufacturing jobs in the area. Public Sector Champion Cliff Wood, the president of SUNY Rockland, is being recognized for his work bringing the 3D printing lab to campus. The entire Hudson Valley Pattern for Progress organization is being honored for 50 years of regional planning, especially its recent efforts to revitalize manufacturing in the region. There’s still time to register to attend the breakfast on Friday, May 13
The Council of Industry has named the recipients of its annual Manufacturing Champion awards. The award recognizes individuals from the private sector, public sector, and education, along with an organization, who through vision, dedication, hard work and tireless involvement have helped to overcome some of the many obstacles faced by manufacturers in the Hudson Valley community and have made it possible for manufacturers and their employees to prosper.
For our final Manufacturing Champion profile we turn to our oldest honor, Public Sector Champion. This year the recipient if Dr. Cliff Wood for his outstanding leadership as President of SUNY Rockland. Since assuming that position in 2004 Wood has overseen major growth in the College’s enrollment, community involvement, and workforce development. The Council is particularly supportive of the many manufacturing-related programs on campus he has backed, such as the Haverstraw Manufacturing Center/3d Printing Lab, the TAACCCT Grant, and the Certificate in Manufacturing Leadership Program. Additionally, his leadership in forming the Hudson Valley Community College partnership has been beneficial to manufacturers throughout the Hudson Valley. Wood has also served as president of the New York Community Colleges Association of Presidents from 2009-2013, and as a member of Governor Andrew Cuomo’s Mid-Hudson Regional Economic Development Council, and he was a friend of manufacturing in that capacity as well.
“Dr. Wood’s leadership in support of manufacturing in Rockland County and throughout the Hudson Valley are second to none,” Said Harold King, Council of Industry Executive Vice President, “The creation of the Haverstraw manufacturing center; the creation of the Hudson Valley Community College Consortium; the college’s preeminent role in workforce development are just a few examples of his commitment to manufacturing and to regionalism.”
The Council of Industry has named the recipients of its annual Manufacturing Champion awards. The award recognizes individuals from the private sector, public sector, and education, along with an organization, who through vision, dedication, hard work and tireless involvement have helped to overcome some of the many obstacles faced by manufacturers in the Hudson Valley community and have made it possible for manufacturers and their employees to prosper.
In addition to honoring the achievements of individuals, each year the Council makes sure to recognize the work of an organization whose work and achievements are too great for just one person. This year the organization to be so honored is Hudson Valley Pattern for Progress. Fresh off celebrating its 50th anniversary in December, Pattern remains a vital player in promoting the local economy. When business and academic leaders, including the Council, founded Pattern in 1965, their goal was to “build consensus for a pattern of growth that will insure a high quality of life,” and providing, “adequate opportunities and incentives for capital formation and meaningful, gainful employment.”
Today Pattern brings together business, nonprofit, academic and government leaders from across as many as nine counties to collaborate on regional approaches to affordable housing, local government efficiency, P-12 education, and other issues that most impact the growth and vitality of the regional economy.
“Hudson Valley Pattern for Progress since its inception has fostered regional cooperation for thoughtful, planned growth for the Hudson Valley,” said Harold King Council of Industry Executive Vice President. “In 2015 this included the creation of a regional manufacturing ‘asset map’ that carefully inventories all the workforce and economic development resources available to our sector. This map is a vital tool in our ongoing efforts to support manufacturing in the region. For this and all their work they are a worthy manufacturing champion.”
The Council of Industry has named the recipients of its annual Manufacturing Champion awards. The award recognizes individuals from the private sector, public sector, and education, along with an organization, who through vision, dedication, hard work and tireless involvement have helped to overcome some of the many obstacles faced by manufacturers in the Hudson Valley community and have made it possible for manufacturers and their employees to prosper.
For the first time this year the Council has named a Manufacturing Champion in a fourth field, Educator, to join the existing categories of Public Sector, Private Sector, and Organization. While educators have always been eligible to be named a Public Sector Champion, (indeed, this year that award will be presented to Cliff Wood, the president of SUNY Rockland) our board of directors felt that educating and inspiring future STEM leaders was so important it warranted its own category. And for the first ever recipient it’s hard to think of a more deserving recipient than Mark Harris.
Harris is a teacher in metal trades at the Ulster County BOCES program. He is also the lead mentor and Custom Robotics Design & Manufacturing Instructor, as well as the leader of the Solar Car project, the MIT robotic arm project, and the NASA prototype project. During his tenure there Harris has worked to build the CNC classroom at Ulster BOCES and has encouraged countless young people to pursue careers in machining. “He is passionate about manufacturing, machining and teaching. He is committed to the success of his students and he is constantly looking for new experiences that will motivate them and empower them.” Says the Council’s Executive Vice President Harold King. “He has quietly built one of the premier High School Machining programs in the state. If ever there was a person who could be called ‘Manufacturing Champion Educator’ it is Mark Harris. We are fortunate to have him in the Hudson Valley.”
ICYMI check out our profile on Private Sector Champion Mike Ratliff. Check back on Tuesday to learn about our Organization Champion, Hudson Valley Pattern for Progress. And be sure to get your tickets to our annual Manufacturing Champions Breakfast.
The Council of Industry has named the recipients of its annual Manufacturing Champion awards. The award recognizes individuals from the private sector, public sector, and education, along with an organization, who through vision, dedication, hard work and tireless involvement have helped to overcome some of the many obstacles faced by manufacturers in the Hudson Valley community and have made it possible for manufacturers and their employees to prosper.
This year’s Private Sector Champion is Mike Ratliff, the president and general manager of Marco Manufacturing, located in Poughkeepsie. For years Mike was employed as the General Manager for Atlantic Design Corporation, but in 1996 Atlantic Design decided decision to close their Poughkeepsie facility. Mike, however, wasn’t ready to give up on the region or its workers, and so he took on the challenge of opening his own manufacturing business. Today Marco Manufacturing is celebrating its 20th anniversary as one of the region’s leading electronics manufacturers. It employs over 30 people, most of them former Atlantic Design employees, and services more than 25 customers.
“Mike is truly committed to manufacturing in the Hudson Valley,” Harold King, Executive Vice President of the Council of Industry says. “He actually lives in Montclair, NJ, and for the last 20 years has made the 90 minute commute each way to keep the business in Poughkeepsie. This effort is emblematic of Mike’s vision, dedication and tireless involvement and is part of the reason the Council of Industry is proud to name him a Manufacturing Champion.”
Usually we dedicate this blog to the current goings on in the manufacturing and engineering worlds, for today though we’re going to spotlight a bit of engineering history. In 1927 future president Herbert Hoover, then Secretary of Commerce, took part in the first public demonstration of inter-city television broadcasting. Hoover’s brief remarks from Washington, were seen on television screens at Bell Telephone Laboratories in New York City, 200 miles away, making them the world’s first televised spech. A serious problem that would delay major development in television at the time was that of frequency resolution. A clear image would require a frequency band of four million cycles, compared to the 400 cycles required for a clear audio transmission in radio. Although there was still decades of work to do before TV could take its place in the American home, it was nevertheless an important step forward.
Supporting manufacturing in the Hudson Valley since 1910.
